A ilaa Z ee khuraafaadka Giriigga

Iphigenia waa dabeecad dumar ah oo caan ah oo ka soo jeeda sheekooyinka khuraafaadka Giriigga. Gabadhii Boqor Agamemnon, Iphigenia ayaa aabaheed la saaray meeshii allabariga si ay u qanciso ilaahadda Artemis.

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Gabadha Iphigenia ee Agamemnon Iphigenia waxay ku dhalatay amiirad Mycenae, waayo Iphigenia waxaa inta badan loogu yeeraa gabadha King Agamemnon iyo Clytemnestra > 13>. Sidaas darteed, Iphigery , walaasheed, Omiss iyo Ch3. dhinaca hooyada, Iphigenia waxay lahayd qaar ka mid ah qaraabada caanka ah, iyada oo Helen, naagtii Menelaus, oo ah eeddo, iyo awoowe ee qaabka Tyndareus iyo Leda. 2> Via Agamemnon in kastoo, Iphigenia waxay ahayd xubin ka mid ah habaaran Guriga Atreus , awoowe, awoowe, awoowe, awoowe, awoowe, awoowe, awoowe, awoowe, awoowe, awoowe - awoowe, awoowe, awoowe - awoowe, awoowe, awoowe - awoowe, awoowe, awoowe - awoowe, awoowe, awoowe - awoowe - awoowe - awoowe. wuxuu ahaa Tantalus.

Iphigenia - Anselm Feuerbach (1829-1880) - PD-art-100

2 . Helen ka dib waxay gabadheeda siisay walaasheed Clytemnestra, oo u korisay inay iyadu tahay.

Dagaalkii Trojan ayaa bilaabmay

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Ifigenia iyo wax sii sheegidda Calchas

Waxay ahayd wax arka Calchas kaasoo u sheegay Agamemnon inilaahadda Artemis waxaa ka cadhooday mid ka mid ah ciidamada Achaean. Taas oo sida caadiga ah loo sheegay inay tahay Agamemnon, sababtaas awgeed Artemis wuxuu go'aansaday inuu ku sii hayo markabka Achaean ee Aulis.

Sababo kala duwan ayaa la bixiyaa sababta Artemis laga yaabo in loo cadhooday, laakiin sida caadiga ah waxaa la sheegay in hubris ee Agamemnon, isaga oo isbarbar dhigaya xirfadda ugaarsiga ee ilaahadda, ayaa lagu eedeeyay. allabari ayaa loo baahnaa, laakiin maaha mid caadi ah, oo ah allabari bani-aadmi, dhibbanaha kaliya ee ku habboonna wuxuu ahaa Iphigenia. 3><8 Suurtagalnimada in Iphigenia loo sadqeeyo waxay ku xiran tahay isha qadiimiga ah ee la akhriyo. Qaarkood waxay u sheegaan Agamemnon inuu go'aansaday inuu joojiyo dagaalka halkii uu u bixin lahaa gabadhiisa, halka kuwa kale ay u sheegaan in Agamemnon uu u arkay waajibaadkiisa inuu sameeyo waxa Calchas soo jeediyay. Xitaa haddii Agamemnon uusan raalli ka ahayn, waxay u muuqan doontaa in uu ugu dambeyntii ku qancay walaalkiis Menelaus, qorshooyinka loogu talagalay allabarigii Iphigenia ayaa la sameeyay.

Iphigenia waxay ku jirtay Mycenae wakhtigamaraakiibta ayaa isugu soo ururay Aulis, mana jirin si ay hooyadeed, Clytemnestra, ugu qancin karto inay allabari u bixiso gabadheeda; sidaas darteed Agamemnon xitaa iskuma dayin. Taa beddelkeeda, been ayaa loo sheegay in la keeno Iphigenia iyo Clytemnestra Aulis; Agamemnon wuxuu dib ugu soo diri lahaa Mycenae iyada oo loo sii marayo Odysseus iyo Diomedes, kuwaas oo u sheegay Clytemnestra in loo qorsheeyay Iphigenia inay guursato Achilles.

Guurka noocan oo kale ah wuxuu ahaa mid aad ugu habboon Iphigenia, natiijada, Iphigenia iyo hooyadeed waxay u yimaadeen 27> Aulis markaas oo Iphigenia iyo Clytemnestra la kala soocay.

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Sheekada Iphigenia maaha mid ka muuqata Iliad , shaqada Homer, inkasta oo Homer uu sheegayo gabadh Agamemnon oo loo yaqaan Iphianassa, oo laga yaabo ama laga yaabo inay noqoto magac kale oo Iphigenia ah. Inta badan sheekada Iphigenia ayaa sidaas laga soo qaatay qorayaasha kale, oo ay ku jiraan Euripides. Hadda xubin ka tirsan Aqalka Atreus, Iphigenia waxaa laga yaabaa in laga bilaabo dhalashada, laakiin iyada oo xubno badan oo ka mid ah Aqalka Atreus ay kaliya ku darsadeen dhibaatooyinkooda falalkooda, Iphigenia waxay ahayd mid aan waxba galabsan waxa ku dhici lahaa dhacdooyinka Warfijaan, oo u horseedi lahaa dhacdooyinka. si loo furo. Maqnaanshaha Menelaus, Paris waxay ka timid Troy oo afduubtay Helen, oo xaday hantida Spartan. Sidaa darteed waxay ahayd in Suitors ee Helen loogu yeedhay inay xoojiyaan Dhaarta Tyndareus > 13>, si ay u ilaaliyaan Menelaus iyo inay Helen ka soo celiyaan Troy. 2> Hadda Iphigenia aabihiis ma uusan ahayn Suitor ee Helen, laakiin wuxuu ahaa boqorkii ugu awoodda badnaa ee xilligii, iyo sidaas darteed Agamemenn ayaa u jawaabay oo u soo wacay taliyaha ciidamada iyo geesiyaashii u yeedhay taliyaha. Natiijo ahaan, Aulis, waxaa ku soo ururay armada 1000 markab. Markaakii iyo nimankii diyaarsanaa, waxaa jirtay hal dhibaato oo keliya, iyo dabaysha xumayd, taasoo keentay inay reer Akhaya u dhoofi kari waayeen Troy.

Iyada oo la dhisay meel allabari, Iphigenia aad ayey uga warqabtay waxa ku dhici lahaa, laakiin inta badan ilo qadiimi ah ayaa sheegaya in Iphigenia ay diyaar u tahay inay korto meesha allabariga, iyada oo la rumaysan yahay, in dhimashadeedu ay tahay mid lama huraan ah. yaa u baxayay inuu allabari u bixiyo Iphigenia, waayo, geesiyaashii Achaean midkoodna ma doonaynin inuu dilo gabadha Agamemnon. Ugu dambeyntii waxaa loo daayay Calchas, ninkii sheegay in allabarigu lama huraan yahay, si uu u dilo Iphigenia, oo sidaas darteed wax arka wuxuu watay mindidii allabariga.

> Allabaryada Iphigenia - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (1696-1770) - PD-art-100

Iphigenia Saved?

Mindi Calchas, laakiin wax yar oo bani-aadmigu allabaryo ayaa ku dhammaaday sidii loo malaynayay inay ku jiraan khuraafaadka Giriigga. Waayo, xitaa kiiska 29>Pelops , wiilka Tantalus ayaa dib loo soo nooleeyay, ka dib markii uu dilay aabihiis. goobta. Artemis inkasta oo uu hubiyay in dhammaan kuwii markhaatiga u ahaa allabarigii Iphigenia, aysan aqoonsanayn in beddelku dhacay.

Ka dib markii allabarigii la sameeyay, dabayshii xumayd ee ilaalinaysay maraakiibta Achaean ee Aulis, safarka Troy wuxuu bilaabi karaa.

Cawaaqibta dilaaga ah ee Allabaryada Iphigenia

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Wakhtiga, ama allabaryada la filayo, ee Iphigenia, waxay cawaaqib dilaa ah u yeelan doontaa Agamemnon. Agamemnon wuxuu ku noolaan lahaa toban sano oo dagaal ah Troy, haddana markii uu ku soo laabtay guriga Mycenae waa la dilay. Maqnaanshihiisa dagaalka, xaaska Agamemnon, Clytemnestra waxay nafteeda u qaadatay jacayl qaab Aegisthus ah. Aegisthus wuxuu lahaa sababo badan oo uu ku doonayo in Agamemnon uu dhinto, laakiin waxaa caadi ahaan la sheegay in Clytemnestra uu lahaa hal sabab oo ah inuu ninkeeda dhinto, xaqiiqda ah in ninkeedu uu abaabulay dilkagabadha. 15>

>Sidaas darteed, Agamemnon oo aan waxba tarayn ayaa waxaa dilay Clytemnestra iyo Aegisthus markii uu qubaysanayay.#########################################################################################################################################Marc3 Crimea Artemis ayaa markaa Iphigenia u magacawday wadaaddada macbudka ilaahadda ee Tauris.

Ka dib markii ay ka soo baxsatay inay noqoto allabari bani'aadam, Iphigenia hadda waxay heshay nafteeda inay mas'uul ka tahay inay u qabato iyaga, Tauri, waxay allabari u bixisay dhammaan shisheeyaha dhulkooda. uris.

Sidoo kale eeg: Tantalus ee khuraafaadka Giriigga

Kadib markii uu ka soo aarguday geerida aabbihiis, Orestes waxaa hadda ku daba jiray Erinyes dilay hooyadiis Clytemnestra, waxaana la sheegay in Apollo uu u sheegay Orestes in isagoo xaday taallada Artemis ee Tauris.

la sadqeeyo, markii Iphigenia u timid maxaabiista ma jirin wax aqoonsi ah oo u dhexeeya walaalaha, laakiin Iphigenia waxay soo bandhigtay inay sii daayaan Orestes haddii uuwarqad dib ugu celin lahaa Greece. Orestes wuu diiday inuu tago haddii ay la macno tahay inuu ka tago Pylades > 13> ka dambeeya in la allabaryo, taa beddelkeeda, Orestes wuxuu codsaday in Pylades uu la socdo warqadda. > , Orestes iyo Pylades ayaa si degdeg ah ugu dul-saaray markabka Orestes, oo ka tagay Tauris, oo leh taallada Artemis ee ay haystaan.

Iphigenia Dib ugu noqo Giriiga

5> > Waxa kale oo la sheegay in nolosha dambe Iphigenia la guursaday Achilles, oo sidaas daraaddeed ballankii lagu arkay iyada oo loo dhiibay Aulis ayaa noqday mid mira-dhal ah.

Xitaa sida Iphigenia, Orestes iyo Pylades ku soo noqdeen Giriiga, sheekooyinka Tauris ayaa ka horreeyay iyaga, waxaana sheekooyinkaas lagu sheegay in Orestes la sadqeeyay. Tani waxay ka tagtay Electra , walaashii Iphigenia iyo Orestes way burburtay, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ku dhiirratay Aletes, ina Aegisthus, oo hadda qabsaday carshigii Mycenae. Sidoo kale eeg: Pantheon Giriigii hore 2 Fate, dabcan, waxay isku dayeen inay hubiyaan in Electra ay isla wakhtigaas ku timid Delphi sida Iphigenia, laakiin mar kale walaalihii ma aqoonsanin midba midka kale, runtii Iphigenia waxaa loo tilmaamay Electra oo ah wadaadkii allabari u bixiyey Orestes. Electra sidaas darteed wuxuu qorsheeyay inuu dilohaweeney "dishay" walaalkeed, laakiin Electra waxay ku dhowdahay inay weerarto Orestes waxay u muuqan doontaa dhinaca Iphigenia, joogitaanka weerarka Electra, oo sharraxaysa dhammaan wixii hore u soo maray. 2>Sidaas darteed, saddexdii carruur ah ee Agamemnon, hadda dib u midoobi, waxay ku noqdaan Mycenae, Orestesna wuxuu dilay Aletes, sidaas darteedna wuxuu noqday taliyaha boqortooyada. Dhammaadka kama dambaysta ah ee Iphigenia > Sheekada Iphigenia si wax ku ool ah ayey u soo dhammaanaysaa, iyada oo inanta Agamemnon laga hadlo laakiin marar dhif ah ka dib. Qaarkood waxay u sheegaan inay ku dhimanayso magaalada Megara, oo ku taal Isthmus of Korintos, oo ah magaalo, si isku mid ah, taas oo ahayd magaaladii Calchas, oo ah wax arkihii iyada allabari lahaa.

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