希腊神话中的狮身人面像

Nerk Pirtz 04-08-2023
Nerk Pirtz

希腊神话中的狮身人面像

如今,狮身人面像与埃及的关系最为密切,因为在吉萨高原的入口处矗立着一座巨大的狮身人面像,在其他神庙建筑群中,狮身人面像的长廊也在等待着人们的到来。 古希腊也有狮身人面像,它是希腊底比斯城的一个恐怖怪物。

希腊狮身人面像

希腊赫西俄德传说狮身人面像是双头怪犬 Orthrus 和喷火怪兽 Chimera 的后代。 不过,更常见的说法是狮身人面像是 Typhon 和 Echidna 的女儿,这种亲子关系使狮身人面像成为尼米亚狮子、Chimera、Ladon、Cerberus 和 Lernaean Hydra 的同胞兄弟。

See_also: 希腊神话中的阿罗佩

尽管斯芬克斯(Sphinx)一词通常被认为源于希腊语中的 "挤压"(to squeeze),但一些古代文献甚至为斯芬克斯取了一个名字--"Phix"。

海边的斯芬克斯 - 伊莱休-维德(1836-1923 年) - PD-art-100

狮身人面像的描述

希腊神话中的狮身人面像据说是一个雌性怪物,长着女人的头、狮子的身体、鹰的翅膀,可能还有蛇的尾巴。

当然,这与埃及狮身人面像的形象不同,埃及狮身人面像通常只是狮身人首。 两座狮身人面像的性情也不同,埃及狮身人面像被认为是有益的守护者,而希腊狮身人面像则有杀人的意图。

斯芬克斯来到底比斯

据说狮身人面像最初居住在非洲未知地区埃提奥皮亚的某个地方,后来被一位神灵召唤到波欧提亚,因为它需要给底比斯城带来混乱。

See_also: 希腊神话中的巴黎

古代作家对由谁进行召唤并不十分清楚,但通常是 赫拉 或阿瑞斯的责任。

据说赫拉对强奸和绑架克里西普斯后的底比斯城及其居民感到愤怒。

或者,阿瑞斯试图为底比斯创始人之前的行为惩罚底比斯、 卡德摩斯 在杀死阿瑞斯之龙的过程中。

被召唤到底比斯后,狮身人面像会居住在菲基翁山(Phikion)上的一个洞穴里,观察所有路过的人,并不时蹂躏底比斯周围的土地。

胜利的狮身人面像 - 古斯塔夫-莫罗(1826-1898 年) - PD-art-100

俄狄浦斯与斯芬克斯之谜

斯芬克斯的谜语是:"早上四只脚,中午两只脚,晚上三只脚的是什么动物?"

解不出谜语的人,也就是所有人,都会被斯芬克斯杀死。

许多底比斯人死于狮身人面像,其中包括底比斯国王克里昂的儿子海蒙;在失去儿子之后,国王宣布,将把王位传给铲除狮身人面像的人。

英雄俄狄浦斯接受了挑战,特意前往菲西乌姆山与斯芬克斯相遇。 斯芬克斯当然向俄狄浦斯提出了谜语,而年轻人只是简单地回答了 "人"。

一个人在童年时会用手和膝盖(四只脚)行走,成年后会用两只脚行走,到了老年则会用手杖或拐杖作为第三只脚。

当俄狄浦斯正确地解开了她的谜语时,斯芬克斯立刻从山坡上跳了下去,被冲到了山坡上,斯芬克斯的生命就此结束了。

斯芬克斯与俄狄浦斯 - CC-BY-SA-3.0

Nerk Pirtz

Nerk Pirtz is a passionate writer and researcher with a deep fascination for Greek mythology. Born and raised in Athens, Greece, Nerk's childhood was filled with tales of gods, heroes, and ancient legends. From a young age, Nerk was captivated by the power and splendor of these stories, and this enthusiasm grew stronger over the years.After completing a degree in Classical Studies, Nerk dedicated themselves to exploring the depths of Greek mythology. Their insatiable curiosity led them on countless quests through ancient texts, archaeological sites, and historical records. Nerk traveled extensively across Greece, venturing into remote corners to uncover forgotten myths and untold stories.Nerk's expertise is not just limited to the Greek pantheon; they have also delved into the interconnections between Greek mythology and other ancient civilizations. Their thorough research and in-depth knowledge have bestowed them with a unique perspective on the subject, illuminating lesser-known aspects and shedding new light on well-known tales.As a seasoned writer, Nerk Pirtz aims to share their profound understanding and love for Greek mythology with a global audience. They believe that these ancient tales are not mere folklore but timeless narratives that reflect humanity's eternal struggles, desires, and dreams. Through their blog, Wiki Greek Mythology, Nerk aims to bridge the gapbetween the ancient world and the modern reader, making the mythical realms accessible to all.Nerk Pirtz is not only a prolific writer but also a captivating storyteller. Their narratives are rich in detail, vividly bringing the gods, goddesses, and heroes to life. With each article, Nerk invites readers on an extraordinary journey, allowing them to immerse themselves in the enchanting world of Greek mythology.Nerk Pirtz's blog, Wiki Greek Mythology, serves as a valuable resource for scholars, students, and enthusiasts alike, offering a comprehensive and reliable guide to the fascinating world of Greek gods. In addition to their blog, Nerk has also authored several books, sharing their expertise and passion in printed form. Whether through their writing or public speaking engagements, Nerk continues to inspire, educate, and captivate audiences with their unrivaled knowledge of Greek mythology.